Name: ___________________________________
Date: _____________________
Directions: Answer using complete sentences! Use the information you have been given to answer questions about: The five jobs that bones do to help us. Challenge yourself and try the highest level you can!
Subject: The Structure of Bones.
Level#1: A bone is covered with a strong membrane. This membrane has many blood vessels that pass through it. Blood supplies living bone cells with nutrients and oxygen.
1. What are bones covered in?
2. What does this strong membrane have that passes through it?
3. What do the blood vessels that pass through living bone cells supply it with?
Level#2: A bone is covered with a strong membrane. This membrane has many blood vessels that pass through it. Blood supplies living bone cells with nutrients and oxygen. Under the membrane is compact bone. Compact bone is made up of living bone cells. It is also made up of the mineral calcium. Calcium in compact bone makes it hard and gives it strength. A network of tubes also runs through compact bone. These tubes contain blood vessels and nerves.
1. What is bone covered with and what passes through it?
2. What does blood supply to living bone cells?
3. What is under the bone's membrane and with is it made of?
4. What role does calcium play in compact bone?
Level#3: A bone is covered with a strong membrane. This membrane has many blood vessels that pass through it. Blood supplies living bone cells with nutrients and oxygen. Under the membrane is compact bone. Compact bone is made up of living bone cells. It is also made up of the mineral calcium. Calcium in compact bone makes it hard and gives it strength. A network of tubes also runs through compact bone. These tubes contain blood vessels and nerves. The centers of flat bones and the ends of long bones are not as hard as compact bones. These softer parts of bone are called spongy bone. They even look like sponges because they are filled with many spaces. The spaces are filled with connective tissue and blood vessels. Although they are softer than compact bones, spongy bones are quite strong. The spaces in them form a support structure that is lightweight. Spongy bones provide support to areas in bones where there is great pressure and stress.
1. Describe what passes through the membrane of bones and the function of the blood that passes through it.
2. Describe the composition of compact bone including the role calcium plays in it.
3. Describe the appearance, structure, and function of spongy bone.
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